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Grade Level Expectations - Physics,
Grade 11/12 [Physical Science]
Science as Inquiry
The Abilities Necessary to Do Scientific Inquiry
1. Write a testable question or hypothesis when given
a topic (SI-H-A1)
2. Describe how investigations can be observation, description,
literature survey, classification, or experimentation (SI-H-A2)
3. Plan and record step-by-step procedures for a valid
investigation, select equipment and materials, and identify variables and
controls (SI-H-A2)
4. Conduct an investigation that includes multiple trials
and record, organize, and display data appropriately (SI-H-A2)
5. Utilize mathematics, organizational tools, and graphing
skills to solve problems (SI-H-A3)
6. Use technology when appropriate to enhance laboratory
investigations and presentations of findings (SI-H-A3)
7. Choose appropriate models to explain scientific knowledge
or experimental results (e.g., objects, mathematical relationships, plans,
schemes, examples, role-playing, computer simulations) (SI-H-A4)
8. Give an example of how new scientific data can cause
an existing scientific explanation to be supported, revised, or rejected
(SI-H-A5)
9. Write and defend a conclusion based on logical analysis
of experimental data (SI-H-A6) (SI-H-A2)
10. Given a description of an experiment, identify appropriate
safety measures (SI-H-A7)
Understanding Scientific Inquiry
11. Evaluate selected theories based on supporting scientific
evidence (SI-H-B1)
12. Cite evidence that scientific investigations are
conducted for many different reasons (SI-H-B2)
13. Identify scientific evidence that has caused modifications
in previously accepted theories (SI-H-B2)
14. Cite examples of scientific advances and emerging
technologies and how they affect society (e.g., MRI, DNA in forensics)
(SI-H-B3)
15. Analyze the conclusion from an investigation by using
data to determine its validity (SI-H-B4)
16. Use the following rules of evidence to examine experimental
results:
(a) Can an expert's technique or theory be tested, has
it been tested, or is it simply a subjective, conclusive approach that
cannot be reasonably assessed for reliability?
(b) Has the technique or theory been subjected to peer
review and publication?
(c) What is the known or potential rate of error of the
technique or theory when applied?
(d) Were standards and controls applied and maintained?
(e) Has the technique or theory been generally accepted
in the scientific community? (SI-H-B5) (SI-H-B1) (SI-H-B4)
Measurement and Symbolic Representation
1. Measure and determine the physical quantities of an
object or unknown sample using correct prefixes and metric system units
(e.g., mass, charge, pressure, volume, temperature, density) (PS-H-A1)
2. Determine and record measurements correctly using
significant digits and scientific notation (PS-H-A1)
3. Determine accuracy and precision of measured data
(PS-H-A1)
4. Perform dimensional analysis to verify problem set-up
(PS-H-A1)
5. Use trigonometric functions to make indirect measurements
(PS-H-A1)
Forces and Motion
6. Explain the role of strong nuclear forces and why
they are the strongest of all forces (PS-H-E1)
7. Relate gravitational force to mass and distance (PS-H-E1)
8. Compare and calculate electrostatic forces acting
within and between atoms to the gravitational forces acting between atoms
(PS-H-E1)
9. Describe and measure motion in terms of position,
displacement time, and the derived quantities of velocity and acceleration
(PS-H-E2)
10. Determine constant velocity and uniform acceleration
mathematically and graphically (PS-H-E2)
11. Plot and interpret displacement-time and velocity-time
graphs and explain how these two types of graphs are interrelated (PS-H-E2)
12. Model scalar and vector quantities (PS-H-E2)
13. Solve for missing variables in kinematic equations
relating to actual situations (PS-H-E2)
14. Add and resolve vectors graphically and mathematically
to determine resultant/equilibrant of concurrent force vectors (PS-H-E3)
15. Calculate centripetal force and acceleration in circular
motion (PS-H-E3)
16. Analyze circular motion to solve problems relating
to angular velocity, acceleration, momentum, and torque (PS-H-E3)
17. Analyze simple harmonic motion (PS-H-E3)
18. Demonstrate the independence of perpendicular components
in projectile motion and predict the optimum angles and velocities of projectiles
(PS-H-E3)
Energy
19. Explain quantitatively the conversion between kinetic
and potential energy for objects in motion (e.g., roller coaster, pendulum)
(PS-H-F1)
20. Calculate the mechanical advantage and efficiency
of simple machines and explain the loss of efficiency using the dynamics
of the machines (PS-H-F1)
21. Explain and calculate the conversion of one form
of energy to another (e.g., chemical to thermal, thermal to mechanical,
magnetic to electrical) (PS-H-F1)
22. Analyze energy transformations using the law of conservation
of energy (PS-H-F2)
23. Apply the law of conservation of momentum to collisions
in one and two dimensions, including angular momentum (PS-H-F2)
24. Apply the concept of momentum to actual situations
with different masses and velocities (PS-H-F2)
Interactions of Energy and Matter
25. Determine the relationships among amplitude, wavelength,
frequency, period, and velocity in different media (PS-H-G1)
26. Evaluate how different media affect the properties
of reflection, refraction, diffraction, polarization, and interference
(PS-H-G1)
27. Investigate and construct diagrams to illustrate
the laws of reflection and refraction (PS-H-G1)
28. Draw constructive and destructive interference patterns
and explain how the principle of superposition applies to wave propagation
(PS-H-G1)
29. Describe observed electrostatic phenomena, calculate
Coulomb’s law, and test charge pole, electric field, and magnetic field
(PS-H-G2)
30. Construct basic electric circuits and solve problems
involving voltage, current, resistance, power, and energy (PS-H-G2)
31. Describe the relationship of electricity, magnetism,
and inductance as aspects of a single electromagnetic force (PS-H-G2)
32. Compare properties of electromagnetic and mechanical
waves (PS-H-G3)
33. Solve problems related to sound and light in different
media (PS-H-G3)
34. Compare the properties of the electromagnetic spectrum
as a wave and as a particle (PS-H-G3)
35. Analyze the Doppler effect of a moving wave source
(PS-H-G3) |
