Ch 1 - Orientation
A. developmental anatomy
___. the study of large parts (heart, lungs, etc.)
B. excretion
___. the ability to produce a similar organism
C. responsiveness
___. all of the chemical reactions that occur
D. appendicular part
___. the head, neck, and torso
E. reproduction
___. they react to stimuli in the environment
F. digestion
___. the breaking down of nutrients into a usable form
G. surface anatomy
___. the study of very small body structures (cell, nerve, etc.)
H. physiology
___. the arms and legs
I. microscopic anatomy
___. the study of the skin and the structures beneath it
J. gross (macroscopic) anatomy ___. the study
of structural changes throughout the life of an organism
K. metabolism
___. removal of wastes
L. axial part
___. the study of how the parts of the body work
1. The stomach is located in the _______ cavity.
2. The ____________ plane divides the body into upper
and lower sections.
3. The lungs are located in the _______ cavity.
4. The spine is located in the _____ cavity.
5. The ____________ plane divides the body into front
and back sections.
Ch 2: Part 2: Biochemistry
1. Many sugars joined together are known as a ________________.
2. ____________ can act as electrolytes.
3. _________ solutions have a pH of 7.
4. An enzyme can work on _____________ substances.
5. _______________ act as the main energy source
for humans.
6. Starch is an example of _________________.
7. ______________ lipids have more than one double
and/or triple carbon to carbon bond.
8. Glucose is an example of a ___________________
9. ________________ are made up of amino acids.
Epithelial Tissue
1. simple columnar
___. two or more layers of cuboidal cells; found in the ducts of large
glands
2. simple squamous
___. adapted for stretching; found in the urinary tract/bladder lining
3. transitional
___. multi-layered squamous cells; resists abrasion; esophagus lining;
skin
4. stratified squamous
___. single layer of cuboidal cells; for secretion and absorption
5. simple cuboidal
___. single layer of columnar cells; found in the digestive tract lining
6. stratified cuboidal
___. single layer of squamous cells; like a tile floor; in the walls of
air sacs
Ch 5 - The Integumentary System
1. The epidermal ridges of fingerprints are produced
by ridges in the __________ layer underneath.
2. The outer layer of skin cells is mainly composed
of _____________.
3. The ____________ is the inner layer of skin; it's
your "hide".
4. As melanin production increases, your skin color
gets ________________.
5. The _______________ muscles pulls the hair to
an upright position.
6. _____________ are another name for oil glands.
7. ___________ glands are the most common type of
sweat gland.
8. As it gets hotter, the dermal blood vessels ________________.
9. _____________ is a type of hair loss that affects
men and women.
10. Nails are hardened _____________ at the tips
of the fingers and toes.
11. The outer, waterproof layer of epidermis is the
_____________.
12. Which epidermal cells produce melanin to color
the skin?
13. The __________ is an extra 5th layer in the palms
and soles.
14. The ___________ layer makes up most of the dermis.
15. As melanin production increases, protection from
UV radiation ____________.
16. ___________ gives your skin a yellow/orange hue.
17. ___________ gives your skin a pinkish hue.
18. The thicker hair on your head and under your
arms is known as _____________.
19. The _______________ is a knot of sensory nerves
wrapped around the hair bulb.
20. The ________ sweat glands are most common in
the axillary and anogenital regions.
21. Blisters occur in a ______________ burn.
22. The epidermis and dermis are completely burned
away by a _____________ burn.
23. _______________ skin cancer is the least malignant,
but most common type.
24. Pain, touch, pressure, heat and cold are examples
of _________________.
25. _____________ glands produce milk in females.
26. What type of metabolic wastes are secreted in
sweat?
27. Which vitamin is produced in the skin (by sunlight)?
28. Only the epidermis is burned in a __________
burn.
29. Moles may sometimes develop into ____________,
the most serious skin cancer.
Ch 6 -Bone and Skeletal Tissue
1. The epiphysis is primarily _______________
bone.
2. In ossification of long bones, the bone collar
is produced just below the ____________.
3. ________________ leads to brittle bones.
4. _____________ cartilage is found between the vertebrae.
5. The final stage of fracture repair can be termed
__________________.
6. _____________ cartilage can be found in the throat.
7. The first step of fracture repair is produced
by the ______________.
8. ______________ growth produces new cells at the
surface of bone.
9. What is found inside the medullary cavity of adults?
10. The diaphysis of bone is covered by ______________.
11. A ____________ fracture occurs when a bone is
broken into several fragments.
12. Another word for spongy bone is ______________
bone.
13. The middle section of a long bone is known as
the _______________.
14. A ____________ fracture occurs when the bone
breaks and protrudes through the skin.
Common / Technical Names
What are the technical names for the following bones?
shin bone tail bone shoulder blade breastbone
collar bone
kneecap forehead heel bone wrist
bones jawbone
The Skull
1. The ______________ process is behind the ear.
2. The ____________ sinus is located in the forehead.
3. The hole in the occipital bone is called the ________________.
4. The ______________ suture is between the frontal
and parietal bones.
Thoracic Cage & Spine
1. Five vertebrae fuse together to form the _________,
which connects to the pelvic bones.
2. The top cervical vertebrae (C1) is also called
the ____________.
3. The ____________ vertebrae have foramina in their
transverse processes.
4. The ____________ vertebrae have long spinous processes
that point downward.
5. Not counting the sacrum & coccyx, adults have
____ vertebrae.
6. The true ribs are also called the _____________.
7. The jugular notch is on the _____________.
Arm & Leg
A. subscapular fossa
___. raised area on the shaft of the humerus
B. pubic symphysis
___. located at the inferior end of the fibula
C. middle phalanx
___. depression on the anterior surface of the scapula
D. anterior crest
___. the ridge of bone at the back of the femur
E. talus
___. connects the anterior, medial edges of the pubic bones
F. acromial end
___. found in the index finger, but not in the thumb
G. olecranon process
___. projection at the top of the ulna
H. deltoid tuberosity
___. the part of the clavicle that attaches to the scapula
I. linea aspera
___. the tarsal bone that forms a joint with the tibia
J. lateral malleolus
___. the front edge of the tibia
1. The ____________ carries most of the weight on
the lower leg.
2. The greater sciatic notch is located on the ____________.
3. _________ have pelvis bones that are shallow and
wide.
Ch 8 - Joints
A. gomphosis
___. fills the joint cavity and lubricates the joint
B. distal
___. raise the inside of the foot
C. proximal
___. away from the body
D. depression
___. move down
E. rotation
___. spin the bone about its axis
F. inversion
___. towards the body
G. synovial fluid
___. freely movable joint
H. symphysis
___. joint between the tooth and the alveoli
I. pronation
___. turn the palm down
J. synovial
___. held together by fibrocartilage, such as between the coxal bones
K. extension
___. increase angle at the joint
L. articular cartilage ___. located on
the surface at the ends of the bones at a joint
1. A _____________ occurs when a bone is moved out
of its proper position.
2. A ______________ results when ligaments are stretched
or torn.
3. ___________________ is an autoimmune disease;
it's the most severe type of arthritis.
4. ________________ are freely movable
joints.
Ch 9 - Muscles
1. Muscles are attached to bone by ____________.
2. ____________ muscles are not striated and are
uninucleated.
3. The basic contracting unit of muscle tissue is
the ______________.
4. ____________ muscles are usually controlled voluntarily.
5. ___________ are found in the walls of the internal
organs.
A. endomysium ___. a bundle of muscle
fibers/cells; several make up an entire muscle
B. myofibril ___. connective
tissue surrounding a fascicle
C. epimysium ___. connective
tissue surrounding an individual muscle fiber/cell
D. perimysium ___. connective tissue
surrounding the entire muscle
E. fascicle ___. a
long cylinder of sarcomeres connected end to end
Ch 10 - Muscles of the Head & Neck
A. antagonist
___. holds a joint or bone in place
B. bipennate
___. straight muscle
C. prime mover
___. opposes the movement of the prime mover
D. fixator
___. the main muscle responsible for a movement
E. masseter
___. horizontal muscle from the corner of the mouth to the cheek
F. parallel
___. found on both sides of a tendon
G. unipennate
___. made up of concentric circles
H. digastric
___. attaches from the sternum and clavicle to behind the ear
I. infrahyoids
___. suprahyoid muscle that attaches to the chin
J. scalenes
___. muscles attached to, but below the hyoid bone
K. sternocleidomastoid ___. muscle
around the eye
L. circular
___. found on one side of a tendon
M. synergist
___. helps other muscles
N. orbicularis oculi
___. attach between the cervical vertebrae and the ribs
O. risorius
___. prime mover of jaw closure
____________________________________________________________________________________
YOU WILL HAVE TO LABEL:
frontal cervical vertebrae
carpals patella
zygomaticus
temporal lumbar vertebrae
middle phalanx tibia
mentalis
mandible coccyx
humerus metatarsals
frontalis
maxilla sternum
ulna
femur orbicularis
oris
sphenoid true ribs
distal phalanx calcaneus orbicularis
oculi
occipital sacrum
radius fibula
temporalis
parietal thoracic vertebrae
metacarpals
risorius
floating ribs
levator labii superioris
platysma
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mastoid process spinous process
spine
styoid process vertebral foramen
olecranon fossa
lambdoidal suture transverse process
acromion
zygomatic process
obturator foramen
mandibular angle
iliac crest