Biology II Practice Test
[Word version]
1. Modern humans are in the primate family ________. We are the only living members of that family today. 2. __________________are thought to be the link between Ardipithecus ramidus and the Homo genus. 3. Up till now, ardipithecus and australopithecene fossils have only been found in ______________. 4. Recent fossils dating back 6 mya include Sahelanthropus tchadensis and ___________________. 5. It is thought that _________were the first hominds that began the switch to bipedalism and larger brains. 6. Evidence for ________, or walking upright, includes shorter arms and a change in pelvic/femur structure. 7. As hominids evolved, their brain size _________________________. 8. The first hominid to speak words may have been ________________________. 9. The first hominid to use primitive tools are thought to have been __________________________. 10. The first hominid to use fire is thought to have been ___________________________. 11. __________was a possible ancestor to australopithecenes. Fossils found in Ethiopia date to 4.5 mya. 12. ___________________species of australopithecenes include A. afarensis, A. africanus, and A. anamensis. 13. ___________________species of australopithecenes include A. aethiopicus, A. boisei and A. robustus. 14. ________________living about 3.9-4.2 mya, may have been the earliest australopithecine species. 15. ____________lived 3.9-3.0 million years ago in East Africa (Ethiopia, Tanzania, Kenya.). They are often considered to be ancestors of modern humans. 16. The name for _______________________means handy man. 17. ____________is similar to H. habilis specimens and was proposed in the 1980s based on KNM-ER 1470. 18. The species that immediately predated H. sapiens is long thought to have been ________________. 19. _______________________is similar to H. erectus, but is only found in Africa. 20. _____________fossils have been found in Africa and eastern & western Europe. Their fossils date from about 600,000 to 200,000 years ago and it may have been the ancestor to Neanderthals and possibly H. sapiens. 21. Modern humans are known as __________________________. 22. The modern traits of today’s human started appearing _____________________years ago. 23. Sometimes early Homo sapiens is known as archaic or ____________________________man. 24. The ________theory suggests there was a common ancestor to all humans in Africa 300,000 years ago. 25. The ________theory says that H. sapiens moved in and replace any hominid species that was there. 26. The ____________________theory says that the different races are a more modern development. 27. The ________theory says that about 7 mya, Homo erectus left Africa & settled different parts of the world. 28. Until 1925, it was thought that human ancestors would only be found in _________________________. 29. Raymond Dart labeled the Taung child as a hominid because it was partially bipedal and created the genus _________. 30. The ________lived 2.5-3 mya in Africa and is not proposed to be in the direct line of human ancestry. 31. Some scientists give the larger australopithecenes their own category, named ________________. 32.____as the earliest robust species; it lived about 2.5 million years ago and was found only in East Africa. 33. _________was the the largest of the Paranthropes; it was found in East Africa and lived about 2.3-1.4 million years ago. 34. _____started appearing about 130,000 years ago, and they seem to have died out about 30,000 years ago. 35. Neanderthal fossil evidence is mainly in ________________________. 36. Some people think that surviving Neanderthals mixed in with the ________________________population. 37. Which hominids had the largest brain size? __________________ Be able to read and interpret a family tree diagram. |