1. Bacteria require enzymes _________________________________________.
2. In 1961, Francis Jacob and Jacques Monod proposed ____________________ to explain regulation of gene expression in prokaryotes.
3. An operon consists of __________________ types of genes that function as a single unit.
4. A/An ________________________________ is a gene that codes for a repressor protein molecule. 
5. A/An ________________________________ is a sequence of DNA where RNA polymerase attaches when a gene is transcribed. 
6. A/An _______________ is a sequence of DNA where repressor can bind, preventing RNA polymerase from attaching to the promotor. 
7. A/An ________________________________ is a gene that codes enzymes of a metabolic pathway; transcribed as a unit. 
8. If E. coli cannot get glucose, but lactose is present, it makes __________________ to metabolize lactose. 
9. The enzymes that code for lactose metabolism are _________________________________.
10. When E. coli is confronted with lactose, lactose binds to the repressor so that it can’t bind to the ______.
11. In the lac operon model, if the repressor can’t bind to the operator, the promoter is able to bind to ____.
12. E. coli can tell when there is no glucose available because ___________________________ attach to the lac promotor.
13. In E. coli, the operons for lactose metabolism are normally __________________________________.
14. E. coli produces five enzymes to synthesize the amino acid __________________________________.
15. _________________ control determines which structural genes are transcribed and rate of transcription.
16. __________________ control occurs in nucleus after DNA is transcribed and preliminary mRNA forms. 
17. _________________ control occurs in cytoplasm after mRNA leaves nucleus but before protein product. 
18. ____________________________ control takes place in the cytoplasm after protein synthesis. 
19. Transcription is controlled by DNA-binding proteins called ______________________________. 
20. _____________________ are always present in cell and most likely they have to be activated in some way before they bind to DNA.
21. Ultraviolet radiation from sunlight and tanning has resulted in increased ________________________. 
22. Speed of transport of __________ from nucleus into cytoplasm affects amount of gene product realized. 
23. Some proteins are _________________________________________ active after translation.
24. _______________ have a failure in regulation of genes coding for products that determine cell division. 
25. Cancer cells cycle indefinitely and are "immortal"; while normal cells live through about _______ and die.
26. Cancer cells have abnormal nuclei that are _________ and may have abnormal numbers of chromosomes.
27. In cancer cells, the chromosomes have _______________________________________________.
28. When normal cells come into contact with a neighbor, they stop dividing; _______________________. 
29. Cancerous tumor is a __________________, an abnormal mass of cells that invades neighboring tissue. 
30. A _______________________ is a disorganized mass of cells, but they do not invade adjacent tissues. 
31. Cancer cells undergo ________________________________________.
32. ________________ is formation of new blood vessels; required to bring nutrients and oxygen to tumor. 
33. ________________________________ is the spread of cancer away from the place of origin. 
34. ____________ are environmental agents; _________ increase chances of mutations that lead to cancer. 
35. Mutagenic carcinogens include _______________________________, organic chemicals, and viruses. 
36. Gene expression in eukaryotes can produce __________________________________________.