1. A/An _________________________is a group of similar cells that perform a specific function
2. ___________________________________epithelium would be more than one layer of flat cells.
3. ____________________________________is the study of the structure of an organism.
4. ___________________________________tissue is the most common type of tissue in a vertebrates.
5. _____________is a system where the body senses when a certain level is reached and stops an action.
6. As external conditions change, animals regulate their internal environment to maintain _____________.
7. ________________________epithelium would be more than one layer of scale-like cells.
8. _________tissue occurs as packed cells that cover body surfaces and line internal organs & cavities.
9. Which is the correct structural hierarchy? ____________________________________________
10. ______________________________is the study of the functions of an organism; how it works.

 Ch 21: Nutrition & Digestion

11.____________________________eat both plants and animals; ex. humans, cockroaches, raccoons.
12. Heartburn results when __________________________move into the esophagus.
13. __________________________________eat only other animals; ex. snakes, lions, sharks.
14. ______________________________secreted in the stomach helps to kill bacteria. 
15. Simple animals may have a single opening leading to a ____________________________________.
16. ____________________is breaking food down into molecules small enough for the body to absorb.
17. ____________________________is the process of eliminating undigested material from the body.
18. The _____________________________________help to mechanically digest food. 
19. ____________________________moves food down the esophagus. 
20. Energy content of food is measured in __________________________________________.
21. The BMR for an adult is about ____________________________calories.
22. You should develop ___________________permanent teeth. 
23. The outer surface of teeth is made of ___________________________________.
24. Vitamins ___________________________are water-soluble.
25. __________________________________created by hydrogenation have been linked to heart disease. 
26. Food is absorbed into the blood in the _________________________________________. 
27. The amount of energy needed to fuel the basic life processes in a resting animal is known as the _____.
28. The task of the _____________________________is to emulsify fats. 
29. It is normal for the large intestines to contain ______________________to ferment carbohydrates. 
30. The __________________________absorbs water back into the body.
31. The _________________________, which is the body’s largest gland, produces bile to dissolve fats.
32. The first 10” section of small intestines is the _____________________________.

Ch 22: The Respiratory System

33. Insects use __________________________to exchange gases.
34. The lining of the __________________________________is ciliated.
35. The trachea is held open by _____________________________________.
36. The olfactory receptors are housed in the _________________________________.
37. The vocal cords are located in the _____________________________________.
38. The _______________________prevents food/liquids from entering the trachea.
39. Which type of water holds the least amount of oxygen? _________________________________
40. Moving air in and out of the lungs is known as _________________________.
41. ______________________________is the permanent enlargement and destruction of alveoli.
42. ________________is caused by excessive mucus production in the lower respiratory passageways.
43. A tracheole would probably be found in a _____________________.
44. ____________________________ is carried in the blood bound to the hemoglobin of red blood cells.
45. Constricting bronchioles can cause ______________________________________.
46. _______________________occurs when the body doesn’t get enough oxygen to its tissues.
47. Breathing rate is indirectly controlled by _____________________________________.

Ch 23: Circulatory System

48. The straw colored, viscous fluid part of blood is called ________________________________.
49. ________________________________is a genetic disease whereby blood doesn't clot properly.
50. Blood type ______________________ is considered the universal donor type.
51. ___________________________are cell fragments that help to plug up damages in blood vessels.
52. The _____________________________takes in blood from the superior and inferior vena cavae.
53. The _____________________pumps blood to the body; it's the strongest chamber of the heart.
54. A person with blood type B can safely receive blood types and __________________________.
55. The _______________________________pumps blood to the lungs.
56. The main function of _______________________________is to transport oxygen.
57. Hemoglobin, which attaches to oxygen, is found in the __________________________.
58. _______________________can be caused by low levels of red blood cells or hemoglobin.
59. The heart is about the size of your _____________________________________.
60. A blockage of a coronary artery can lead to a ____________________________________.
61. The ______________________________carry blood away from the heart.
62. Nutrients & wastes are exchanged at the _________________________________.
63. The _______________________________________is the body's largest artery.
64. The ______________________________are under high pressure.
65. High blood pressure is known as _______________________________________________.
66. A grasshopper has ________________________________circulatory system.
67. The sound of the heartbeat is caused by _________________________________.
68. ________________________________carry blood to the heart.
69. The heart muscle has ____________________________.
70. ___________________________are unspecialized cells that can turn into different types of cells.   

Ch 24: The Immune System

71. Lymph starts out as __________________and leaks out as interstitial fluid before becoming lymph.
72. __________________________________occurs when an area is fighting off an infection.
73. _______________________________are when the body attacks its own tissue.
74. The immune system is  triggered by ________________________________________.
75. The body uses specific _________________________________to fight off antigens.
76. Blood vessels become ______________________________permeable during inflammation.
77. Fever causes defensive and repair functions to occur _________________________________.
78. ___________________________________is characterized by redness, heat, swelling, and pain.
79. During inflammation, blood vessels ____________________________________.
80. AIDS is an example of a/an _______________________________________.
81. The lymph nodes are located _________________________________________.
82. The _____________________________destroys old red blood cells and pathogens in the blood.
83. The job of lymph nodes is to ____________________________________.
84. ___________________________is another name for an abnormally intense reation to allergens.
85. Infections are ______________________________in organ transplants.

Ch 25: Control of the Internal Environment

86. The ____________________________carries the urine from the kidney to the bladder.
87. Urine leaves the body by way of the _________________________________.
88. The _______________________________stores urine until it is ready to be voided.
89. Waste is filtered out of the blood by the __________________________________________.

Ch 26: Chemical Regulation

90. Which glands are located in the brain? _______________________________________________
91. FSH, LH, and prolactin are secreted by the ___________________________________gland. 
92.The________________________________gland produces a hormone to regulate your metabolism. 
93.The___________________________________is a neuroendocrine organ. 
94. An _____________________gland secretes hormones directly into the tissue and blood around it.
95.Body growth is controlled by a hormone secreted by the ______________________________. 
96.The _________________________produces epinephrine to control the "fight or flight" response. 
97.The ________________________________gland aids the immune system in children. 
98.______ ___________________________is produced to lower blood sugar level. 

Ch 27: Reproduction and Embryonic Development

99. ______________________is the combination of sex cells and materials from the accessory glands.
100. Where does the fertilized egg embed itself and develop into an embryo, and then into a fetus? ______
101. The release of the egg at about day 14 is called _____________________________.
102. The _________________________ carries the egg from the ovary to the uterus.
103. The time span where reproductive organs mature and become functional is known as ___________.
104. ____________________________is when a woman stops menstruating.
105. The ________________________________is the storage site for the sex cells.
106. Male sex cells are produced in the ______________________________.

 Ch 28: The Nervous System

107. As the diameter of a nerve gets larger, the nerve impulse moves ___________________________.
108. Heart rate, blood pressure, coughing, and sneezing are controlled by the _____________________.
109. Another name for the cerebral hemispheres is the _________________________________.
110. The midbrain, pons, and medulla are parts of the ________________________________.
111. The ______________________are 3 layers of membrane surrounding the brain and spinal cord.
112. All of the nerves outside of the CNS comprise the _________________________nervous system.
113. ______________________________neurons carry signals from the CNS to the PNS.
114. The ________________is the emotional center of the brain.  It's located around the diencephalon.
115. ______________________can result when blood circulation to the brain is blocked and tissue dies.
116. ______is a degenerative brain disease tha causes slow, progressive loss of memory and motor control.
117. The brain and spinal cord comprise the ________________________nervous system.
118. The __________________________is responsible for coordinating your muscle movement.
119. ____________________________________________respond to pain.
120. The ________________________________________nerve is for vision.
121. ____________________________________nerves go directly from the brain to a part of the body.
122. There are ___________________of spinal nerve roots extending from the spinal cord.
123. ____________________________________________are found in the skin.
124. __________________________________respond to touch, pressure, vibrations, and stretching.
125. The __________________________nerve fibers carry messages to the brain.
126. ____________________________________________respond to light.
127. The ________________________________________nerve goes to the facial muscles.

Ch 29 - The Special Senses

128. The white, outer layer of the eye is the ___________________________.
129. ___________________pick up color, while __________________pick up black and white.
130. The compound eye of insects is made of light-detecting units called _______________________.
131. The ossicles (ear bones) are located in the __________________________________.
132. The posterior chamber of the eye is filled with a clear, gelatinous substance known as ___________.
133. The _________________________________________focuses light onto the retina.
134. The nerve endings which register light are located in the ______________________________.
135. Loud noises can cause ___________________________________.
136. _______________________secrete a mucus that captures and dissolves airborne odor molecules.
137. We can distinguish about ______________________________________different smells.
138. The olfactory bulb and olfactory hairs are connected by _______________________________.
139. The clear outside layer in front of the eye is the _______________________________.
140. The pharyngotympanic (auditory) tube connects the nasopharynx to the ___________________.
141. There are ________________________semicircular canals.

Ch 30: How Animals Move

142. 
 to
177.

Know how to LABEL the Respiratory System, Heart, and Eye