Male Reproductive Anatomy 
          Scrotum - holds the testes away from the body for proper sex cell
          production 
          Testes - produces the sperm, or male sex cell 
          Male Duct System 
               Epididymis - storage site for the sex cells 
               Vas deferens - a tube carrying the sperm from the epidiymis
               to the urethra 
               Urethra - it carries semen and urine out of the body 
          Accessory glands - add chemicals to the sex cells 
               Seminal vescicles - contribute fructose 
               Prostate gland - contributes activating fluid 
               Bulbourethral glands - mucus 
          Penis - tissue that becomes engorged with blood so that it becomes
          rigid for copulation; it contains the urethra 
          Semen - the combination of sex cells and materials from the
          accessory glands 
     Male Reproductive Physiology 
          Spermatogenesis is the production of sperm ... male sex cells. 
          Testosterone stimulates the maturation of the male reproductive
          organs and triggers the development of secondary sex characteristics
          such as body hair, a deeper voice, and broader shoulders. It also
          helps to develop muscles, stimulates production of sex cells, and is
          responsible for sex drive. 
     Female Reproductive Anatomy 
          Ovaries - there is one on each side of the uterus. They produce
          hormones as well as the eggs. 
          Female Duct System 
               Uterine tube - carries the egg from the ovary to the uterus 
               Uterus - a fertilized egg embeds itself in the inner lining
               (endometrium) of the uterus; the egg develops into an
               embryo, and then into a fetus 
               Vagina - the passageway for sperm (to enter the body) and
               the baby (upon leaving the body) 
          External Genitalia - includes the mons pubis, labia majora and
          minora, and clitoris 
          Mammary glands - contain lobules which hold the milk-producing
          alveoli 
     Female Resproductive Physiology 
          Oogenesis is the production of eggs ... female sex cells. 
          Estrogen stimulates the maturation of the female reproductive
          organs and triggers the development of secondary sex characteristics
          such as body hair, wider hips, and larger breasts. 
          Progesterone stimulates breast maturation and regulates the uterine
          cycle. 
          Ovarian Cycle 
               Follicular phase (day 1-14): Follicles begin to mature. One
               follicle per month matures and is released. This release is
               called ovulation and occurs about day 14. 
               Luteal phase (day 15-28): The ruptured follicle is converted
               to corpus luteum and produces progesterone and estrogen. If
               fertilization doesn’t occur, the corpus luteum degenerates in
               about 10 days. 
          Uterine (Menstrual) Cycle 
          The uterine cycle is controlled by ovarian hormones in the blood. It
          is divide into 3 phases. 
               Menstrual phase (day 1-5): The endometrium that had
               thickened is sloughed off if a fertilized egg is not received. 
               Proliferative phase (day 6-14): Estrogen levels rise to get
               the body ready to accept a fertilized egg. 
               Secretory phase (day 15-28): The uterine glands secrete
               glycogen and endometrial vascularity increases. 
     Sexually transmitted deseases (STDs) are infectious diseases apread
     via sexual contaxt. Examples include gonorrhea, syphilis, chlamydia, and
     herpes. 

     Genetic sex is determined by the sex chromosomes. The offspring gets
     one (an X) from the mother and another (an X or Y) from the father. If the
     fertilized egg is XX then it results in a female. If it is an XY, it will be a
     male. 

     Puberty is the time span where reproductive organs mature and become
     functional. 

     Menopause is when women stop menstruating. Ovulation ceases and
     ovarian function declines.